INFLUENCIA DE LA NANOSÍLICE EXTRAÍDA DE CAPARAZONES DE CANGREJO EN LAS PROPIEDADES FÍSICO-MECÁNICAS DE LOS MORTEROS DE CEMENTO

Resumen

This study evaluates the use of crab shell waste to enhance mortar properties by incorporating nanosilica at 0.25% by cement weight as a sustainable alternative. The nanoparticles, obtained from biological waste, were applied to Type N and HS cements, formulated for masonry and sulfate-resistant applications. The methodology included nanoparticle synthesis, uniaxial compression tests, permeability assessments, and microstructural analyses (XRD and SEM).

Results show that nanosilica improves compressive strength and durability, although nanochitin and calcium nanoparticles proved more effective in long-term performance. The C+S₀.₂₅% mixture reached 31.22 MPa at 90 days, similar to its control (31.63 MPa), while M+S₀.₂₅% achieved a 3.2% strength increase compared to its reference. The early-age strength gain (24 h–7 d) indicates that nanosilica accelerates cement hydration and densifies the matrix, improving internal cohesion.

Permeability tests revealed hydrophobic behavior (contact angles >90°), reducing water absorption and enhancing durability. This approach optimizes mortar performance while promoting sustainability through the reuse of waste materials. It aligns with circular economy principles and nanotechnology applications, demonstrating the feasibility of using crab-derived nanosilica in the development of eco-efficient construction materials.