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Abstract
Fluidization is a unit operation widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, because it encompasses mixing, drying, granulating and coating, due to the versatility in handling air flow patterns applied in granulators with different distribution plates. The technical information regarding the design of pharmaceutical granulators is scarce, In this research air distribution plates were designed and built, in order to enhance the correct operation of fluidized beds by modifying flow patterns. Obtaining various designs of plates, from the simplest; the axial distributor of orifices up to the most sophisticated; the whirlwind. A CAD design program was used for modeling and a 3D printer for manufacturing. When analyzing the incidence of the operation of the plates in the generation of flow patterns and the relationship with particles of different sizes, shapes, and behavior according to the classification of Geldart powders, the plates that showed better characteristics in the different operations presented an effect of combined flow between axial, radial and rotational type, Verifying that the improved flow pattern in the plates it causes a rotational effect on the particles.

Abstract
Tree tomato is a fruit cultivated in Ecuador, being Tungurahua a representative area for its production. The Gigante anaranjado and Gigante morado cultivars are commercialized mainly for its fruit size. However, there is little information on the external and internal changes that occur during the- fruit development stages. The experiment was carried out in Valle Hermoso (Pelileo, Ecuador), registering diameter, weight, firmness, soluble solids and color in fruits from self-pollination in the cultivars Gigante anaranjado and Gigante morado. During the evaluation period, the results showed a progressive increase in all variables, except internal firmness. At 170 DAP, the Gigante morado cultivar obtained higher values than the Gigante anaranjado cultivar in all variables, except in internal firmness. Only fruit weight showed significant differences: Gigante morado reached 147.50 g while Gigante anaranjado obtained 118.83 g. The soluble solids reached similar values (11.0 °Brix) for both cultivars. The seeds of the two cultivars became differentiated from the mucilage at 60 DAP, but the color of the mucilage began to change at 80 DAP in the Gigante morado cultivar and at 90 DAP in the Gigante anaranjado.

Abstract
Inelastic scattering is a process in which the kinetic energy of an incident particle is not conserved due to the interaction between an electron and a photon causing an unstable nuclear state. Upon the interaction of the incident photon with matter, Raman scattering occurs where the frequency of the photon shifts towards red or blue. Electron scattering of a profoundly inelastic nature emanating from protons provides the primary evidence for the presence of quarks, neutrons undergo inelastic scattering that excites the nucleus and causes it to emit corpuscular and electromagnetic particles. The aim of this work was to theoretically obtain the nuclear effect on the scattering of inelastic leptons and to observe the nuclear dependence. The methods, cross-section four-momentum transfer squared function and the Lorentz scalar product, were used. The correlation between low energy parameters and quark valence was obtained, the indicative value in quantum chromodynamics is 5% and infinite nuclear material does not lead to any finite size report. The origin of the nuclear effects is not yet evident; however, the structural functions and the effects of finite size were theoretically tested.

Abstract
The formation of nanohydroxydes based on layered hydroxide salts is presented as a novel, simple and safe alternative to add value and stabilize bioactive compounds, such as limonene, with possible application in the food industry in order to guarantee food safety. In the present study, brucite (HSLMg) was synthesized through precipitation and limonene-brucite nanohydroxides (L-HSLMg) were obtained with ionic interchange; antimicrobial activity against food pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was assessed. Brucite and nanohydroxide formation was confirmed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both materials exhibited antimicrobial activity, L-HSLMg producing the highest inhibition. These results suggest that limonene-brucite nanohydroxides could be used for food systems applications, guarantying food safety.

Abstract
Blocks manufacture with recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate, for the construction of non-bearing masonry, aims to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of the plastic to include them in the mixture with traditional materials such as cement, water and sand. Blocks based on commercial specifications of 40 x 20 x 6 cm with the addition of Polyethylene Terephthalate plastic at 20, 40, 60 and 80% to replace the thick stone material are made in the province of Santo Domingo. Compression and bending tests are carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the specimens and compare them with the characteristics specified in the Ecuadorian Construction Standard and the NTE INEN 3066 standard that determine the requirements and test methods for concrete blocks. It is also determined the flammability with the sample at 40 percent recycled plastic based on the BS EN ISO 11925-2: 2010 standard. Finally, the thermal conductivity of the composite material based on the ISO 8302 standard is determined.

Abstract
This study determined therapeutic adherence in Type 2 diabetics in a health center in Ecuador. Fifty-two patients who agreed to take part in the study were included. A three-section structured questionnaire was developed for data collection: the first section inquired about sociodemographic information, the second section contained the Morisky-Green-Levine test, and the third section identified factors involved in therapeutic adherence. All the data collected were represented using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 and the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05 was used to assess the influence of polymedication on therapeutic adherence. The results showed that 56.25% of the patients were not adherent to treatment, and that adherence did not depend on the number of drugs consumed per day. The factor that had the greatest influence on therapeutic adherence was the conviction of the importance of continuing treatment (96.87%). Finally, the lack of therapeutic adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is reaffirmed, and it is therefore important to create strategies at the health care level that contribute to the promotion and prevention of this type of disease.

Abstract
The objective of the research was to evaluate the co-pyrolysis process of the mixture of lignocellulosic biomass with polystyrene and polypropylene plastic wastes to obtain biofuel and to determine its physicochemical characteristics. A batch reactor was used with a heating rate of 12 °C-min-1 at a pressure of -0.05 MPa, purged with nitrogen, connected to a cooling system; for the co-pyrolysis tests, a temperature of 400°C (T1) and another of 450°C (T2) were used with 2 mixture compositions, the first C1: 25%Biomass+75%Plastic (50% PP+50%PS) and the second C2: 25%Biomass+75% Plastic (25% PP+75%PS). From the analysis of the biofuels it was observed that they were mainly constituted by oxygenated compounds, olefins, naphthenes and nitrogen compounds. Their calorific value was 40152 kJ kg-1. Finally, it was determined that the biofuel at T2-C2 obtained a higher yield (73%) because in its composition there was a greater presence of polystyrene which, due to its polymeric structure, is more easily depolymerized by the addition of heat; however, if this temperature were exceeded, gas formation would be promoted. In addition, due to its physicochemical characteristics, the biofuel could be used as an additive for conventional fuels.

Abstract
In Ecuador, many effluents from the tanning industry have high levels of Cr (VI), generating great environmental impact due to the high toxicity of the metal. An alternative way to remove this contaminant is through adsorbent agents such as magnetic nanoparticles. The objective of the present investigation was to synthesize chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles for hexavalent chromium adsorption. The chitosan was obtained from the exoskeleton of the shrimp, and the nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and coated with chitosan in an In-situ manner. The synthesis was verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption capacity of hexavalent chromium was performed from adsorption experiments varying the thermodynamic parameters, and the quantification was carried out using UV-Visible spectroscopy. In such a way that chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles with an average diameter of 31.85 nm were obtained and the highest adsorption percentage was 99.70%, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg/g at 60 °C, demonstrating that hexavalent chromium adsorption was feasible using chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles with better adsorption capacity thanks to the chitosan coating.

Abstract
The objective of the study is to determine the correlation structure between the variables of the Ecuadorian first and second dose vaccination registry COVID-19. The records issued by the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador were used, which has a total of 4,368,997 individuals vaccinated between the first and second doses. A simple correspondence analysis was performed between the variables of vaccines, provinces and age groups. It was found that the variables are not independent and the distribution of the vaccines was done in a differential way according to sociodemographic factors such as age groups and provinces, due to COVID-19 incidence levels prioritizing vaccination in provinces with a high level of occurrence of the disease and also the age groups considered vulnerable that could become seriously ill from the virus.

Abstract
Metabolic disorders of total cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides are directly related to Diabetes Mellitus Type II, so their detection by reliable clinical tests contributes to the prevention of health and the diagnosis of the disease. In this study, the concordance analysis of the cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride results obtained by the spectrophotometric method was carried out in four different clinical analysis laboratories in the city of Riobamba, in blood samples of volunteers from both sexes between 19 and 22 years old. Cholesterol and glucose were significantly different at the 5% level, while triglycerides values showed no significant difference. Cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride results coincided in 85%, 92% and 87%, respectively. Inconsistencies in values can lead to misdiagnosis by physicians relying on clinical trials and thus to inadequate treatments that entail avoidable public health costs. Then, it will be necessary to implement quality policies in clinical laboratories, which increase the reliability of their results.